WEST-E Social Studies Practice Test

Which of the following best describes an important consequence of the Reformation for European civilization?

1. Increased authority of monarchs over church affairs

2. Protestant emphasis on individual study of the Bible contributed to the spread of literacy

3. Creation of the first public education system in Europe

4. Separation of church and state instituted across Europe

The correct answer is: Protestant emphasis on individual study of the Bible contributed to the spread of literacy

The Protestant Reformation had a profound impact on European civilization, particularly in terms of education and literacy. One significant consequence was the emphasis placed by reformers, such as Martin Luther, on the accessibility of the Bible to the general populace. Luther advocated for translating the Bible into vernacular languages, which enabled individuals to study and interpret the scriptures for themselves rather than relying solely on clergy. This push for personal engagement with religious texts encouraged a culture of reading and scholarship, leading to a notable increase in literacy rates across Europe. As more people began to read the Bible and other religious literature, it fostered a greater emphasis on education. This cultural shift extended beyond religious texts and into secular education, contributing to the development of schools and literacy programs. The result was a more informed and educated society, which had lasting implications for social, political, and cultural developments in Europe. The other options reflect aspects of historical changes, but they do not capture the specific educational transformation and its roots in the Reformation's emphasis on personal biblical study and literacy.